History of Masonry
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1919: The Grande Oriente Español revives lodges. Walter Bruggman and MarianoTenorio were mandated to reorganize its symbolic lodges and revive its Scottish Rite Bodies which led to the formation of the Gran Logia Regional del Archipelago Filipino. 1924: Disagreement causes split of Grande Oriente Español. Some misunderstanding between the Grand Master of the Grand Regional Lodge and the Grand Delegate both under the jurisdiction of Grande Oriente Español arose. Appeal was sent to Madrid by the Grand Master but the Grand Delegate was sustained and given ample power. This incident gave rise to the idea of forming the Philippine Family of Universal Freemasonry. However, it resulted into two separate bodies. 1924: Gran Logia Nacional de Filipinas under the Supremo Consejo del Grado 33° para Filipinas was founded by Timoteo Paez. The Supremo Consejo was incorporated on July 4, 1924 and proclaimed on December 30 with Timoteo Paez as Soverano Gran Commendador. It claimed jurisdiction over 27 Blue Lodges, one Lodge of Perfection, one Chapter Rosa Cruz, one Council of Kadosh and the corresponding Grand Consistory. 1925: The Gran Logia del Archipielago Filipino under the Supremo Consejo 33° del Archipielago Filipino was chartered as “Soberana e Independiente” by the Grande Oriente Español in December 1925. 1930-1937: Grand Lodge of the Philippine Islands warrants Amity Lodge No 106 and five other lodges in China. 1936: Major General Douglas Mac Arthur was made “Mason at Sight” on January 17, 1936, in a rare exercise of a Grand Master’s privilege by Grand Master Samuel R. Hawthorne. Mac Arthur became a member of Manila Lodge No 1. 1937: District Grand Lodge of China under the Grand Lodge of the Philippine Islands was inaugurated by Grand Master Joseph H. Alley on May 4, 1937, in Shanghai and installed R.W. Bro. Hua-Chuen Mei as District Grand Master. 1937: During the Annual Communication on January 23, 1937, Magat Lodge No. 68 submitted a resolution to change the title of the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the Philippine Islands, to Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the Philippines. This was approved and made effective in January, 1940. (Causing, 1969) Reynold S. Fajardo dated the actual change in title on April 28, 1953.(Cabletow,1990) 1942: Lodges cease labors. The Second World War and the Japanese invasion of the Philippines forced all lodges to stop activities. High ranking Masons lost were Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, (PGM 1938) executed on May 7, 1942 in Malabang, Lanao; Joseph H. Alley, (PGM 1937) died Feb 1, 1946 after his release from concentration camp; John McFie, incumbent Grand Master killed by artillery fire at UST concentration camp during the battle of Manila, February 1945; and his Deputy, Colonel Jose P. Guido, beheaded by the Japanese on February 7, 1945. Another Past Grand Master (1940) General Jose delos Reyes was also killed. 1945: Lodges resume activities. Rt. Worshipful Michael Goldenberg, Senior Grand Warden reestablished the Grand Lodge of the Philippines after the liberation of the Philippines and became acting Grand Master. 1947: Grand Lodge of the Philippines founds lodges in Japan. After the Second World War, an English and two Scottish lodges survived in American occupied Japan. The Americans in Japan through the Grand Lodge of the Philippines began to organize lodges. In 1950 Masonic membership became available to Japanese nationals. During a 10-year period from 1947 to 1956, sixteen lodges were established. 1948: Grand Lodge of China formed. Amity Lodge No 106 of China invited the lodges in China to a convention on January 15-16, 1949. This was also attended by lodges of other foreign Grand Jurisdictions; Massachusetts, England, Scotland, and Ireland that did not vote and only observed. The delegates resolved to form a Grand Lodge; adopted a Constitution and Regulations based on the statutes of the Grand Lodges of California and the Philippines and elected David W. K. Au as Grand Master. 1954: District Grand Lodge of Japan under the Grand Lodge of the Philippines was constituted on June 2, 1954. 1957: Grand Lodge of Japan formed. At the stated meeting of Moriahyama Lodge No 134 on January 16, 1957, a resolution was unanimously passed to call all the other Lodges in Japan to a convention to consider the formation of a Grand Lodge of Japan. The first convention was held on February 16, 1957 where 11 Lodges reported their unanimous endorsement of the Resolution. On March 16, 1957 in the second convention 15 Lodges unanimously approved the Moriahyama Resolution and accordingly, the Grand Lodge of Japan was formed and its officers elected. 1974: John O. Wallace, last of the American Grand Masters elected. 1998: Mabuhay Lodge No. 59 under the Princehall Grand Lodge of Washington organized in Dau, Mabalacat, Pampanga 2006: Two districts in Samar/Leyte issued a manifesto declaring independence from the Grand Lodge of the Philippines in an unsuccessful bid to form United Grand Lodge of the Philippines. 2006: Independent Grand Lodge of the Philippine Islands established. Seven regularly constituted lodges of the Grand Lodge of the Philippines through their respective resolutions, formed the Independent Grand Lodge of the Philippine Islands. In an assembly in the last week of August 2006, officers were elected and the Lodges approved a draft Constitution. The Grand Lodge was formally constituted on September 10. On November 25 the same year, the Constitution was ratified during the First IGLPI Annual Grand Assembly held at the Emilio Aguinaldo Memorial Lodge No 5, Kawit, Cavite . |
University of Santo Tomas The University of Santo Tomas in Intramuros
University of Santo Tomas traces a long history that dates back from the seventeenth century. Many Filipinos in Philippine history studied here, foremost among them Dr Jose Rizal, who spent five years, first studying preparatory Law then shifting to Medicine before leaving for Spain in 1882, where he earned a Licentiate in Medicine at the Central University of Madrid. Others were martyred priests Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez and Jacinto Zamora; Marcelo del PIlar, Antonio Luna; Apolinario Mabini, Mariano Trias, Baldomero Aguinaldo, Felipe Calderon, Felipe Agoncillo, Emilio Jacinto, Reverend Gregorio Aglipay, founder of the Philippine Independent Church; and Katipunan co-founders Ladislao Diwa and Teodoro Plata.
University of Santo Tomas was established in 1611 in Intramuros by the Dominicans; first named Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santisimo Rosario and renamed Colegio de Santo Tomas in 1624 in honor of St Thomas Aquinas. It was elevated to the status of university, Unibersidad de Santo Tomas, in 1645. It was not until 1927 when the university moved to its present location in the district of Sampaloc, Manila. During the Second World War, the 21 hectare university campus in Sampaloc was used by the Japanese as an internment camp for foreign nationals and American prisoners of war. During the liberation of Manila in 1945, Intramuros was totally destroyed, including the remaining buildings of the University. History of Masonry in the Philippines: 1856 - 2006
Selected bibliography
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